HSA 590 Midterm and Final Exam – Strayer NEW
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Chapter
1 Through 12
Chapter 1
WHAT IS RESEARCH?
Multiple-Choice Questions
*1. To be
considered true research, a project must:
a.
gather together a body of existing information and
communicate it in a clear and
concise way.
b. uncover obscure or esoteric information
and bring it to the consideration of the broader research community.
c. gather and interpret information in a
systematic fashion so as to increase understanding of some phenomenon.
d. produce definitive conclusions
regarding the subject of study.
**2. Which of the following examples illustrates
research the way it is defined in your textbook?
a. Sally is writing a paper about the
effects of the Harry Potter books on the reading habits of fourth graders in
the United States and United Kingdom.
She goes to a research library to find information to include in her
paper.
b. Ian wants to know why the population of
songbirds has declined in recent years in the Sutton Wilderness Area. He carefully collects soil and water samples,
systematically surveys the entire area for predators, and then sits down to make
sense of his findings.
c. Leonard is starting a woodworking
business and is not sure how to calculate the cost of his labor so he can be
both profitable and fair to the customers.
He asks several established business owners how they calculate labor
changes.
d. Bill is doing a report on the sonnets
of Shakespeare. He carefully reads a
number of sonnets and then carefully reads scholarly reviews of those same
sonnets written by various Shakespeare scholars. He synthesizes all of this information in his
report.
*3. Which of the following is defined as an
organized body of concepts and principles intended to explain a particular
phenomenon?
a. Theory
b. Inference
c. Hypothesis
d. Interpretation
b. Inference
c. Hypothesis
d. Interpretation
*4. Which of the following is defined as a
reasonable guess, or a logical supposition, for explaining the phenomenon under
investigation?
a. Theory
b. Inference
c. Hypothesis
d. Interpretation
b. Inference
c. Hypothesis
d. Interpretation
*5. The process
of formal research begins with the identification of:
a. research hypotheses.
b. a feasible research plan.
c. available participants.
d. a research problem.
*6. The purpose
of formal research is to:
a. prove or disprove the study hypotheses.
b. support or fail to support the study
hypotheses.
c. identify alternative hypotheses.
d. move beyond the need for hypotheses.
*7. Assumptions
come into play:
a. in regard to nearly every aspect of
every research study.
b. in qualitative research but not in
quantitative research.
c. when research is not well thought out.
d. rarely, if ever.
*8. Well-designed
research manages to minimize or avoid:
a. assumptions.
b. predictions.
c. theory.
d. bias.
*9. Researchers
______ their phenomenon of interest on the basis of data analysis.
a. make inferences about
b. know facts about
c. define
d. identify
*10. A primary
function of the methodology is to:
a. guide and control the acquisition of
data.
b. extract meaning from the data that have
been gathered.
c. both a and b
d. neither a nor b
*11. Three of the following come into play as
the researcher analyzes the data. Which
one does NOT?
a. The study hypothesis/hypotheses
b. Preferences for certain outcomes
c. The logical reasoning process
d. Assumptions
*12. A
well-designed and well-conducted study:
a. answers questions of importance in the
field.
b. raises questions of importance to the
field.
c. answers some questions and raises other
questions.
*13. Reading the
professional literature in the field of interest:
a. will enhance an individual’s ability to
design and conduct high-quality research.
b. will stifle creativity and constrain
the individual to the status quo.
c. will make little difference to the
quality and impact of the individual’s work.
d. is necessary only for the leaders in
the field.
*14. One indication
that a piece of information is of high quality is that the information:
a. is found on the Internet.
b. is found in a juried (or refereed)
research report.
c. resulted from a project that received
corporate funding.
d. is the firsthand account of a personal
experience.
Essay Questions
15. Your chapter states: “Research is, by its
nature, cyclical or, more exactly, helical.”
Explain why “cyclical” is an appropriate description of the research
process. Then explain why “helical” is a
better description.
16. Describe an example of the word research
being used inappropriately. Be clear
about how your example deviates from the definition of research offered in the
chapter.
17. Graduate professors like to insist that
the completion of thesis or dissertation research is not merely an “academic
exercise” or final hurdle to obtaining the desired degree. Explain at least one personal benefit that
the individual derives from completing a high- quality thesis or
dissertation. Then explain at least one
societal benefit that follows from the individual’s completion of a
high-quality thesis or dissertation.
18. In the most rigorous tests of hypotheses,
the researcher sets out to fail to
support the hypothesis. Why is the
attempt to fail to support a more
rigorous test of the hypothesis than an attempt to support it?
Chapter 2
TOOLS OF RESEARCH
Multiple-Choice
Questions
*1. A ______ is a
specific mechanism or strategy the researcher uses to collect,
manipulate,
or interpret data.
a. research
tool
b. research
methodology
c. statistical
test
d. theory
*2. Research
methodology refers to:
a. the general approach the researcher
takes to conducting a research project.
b. a specific device the researcher uses
to collect data.
c. the specific theoretical basis of the
research project.
d. the statistical tests to be employed in
a research project.
**3. Sam wants to find high-quality research
reports related to attribution theory that have been published in professional
journals. Sam’s best approach would be
to:
a. consult
the library catalog.
b. consult
an online or electronic database.
c. search
the World Wide Web.
d. browse
the shelves in the library.
**4. Sonya is a college freshman who has just
been assigned her first research paper, and she doesn’t know how to get started
finding information. Sonya should:
a. search
the World Wide Web.
b. consult
an online or electronic database.
c. consult
a reference librarian.
d. browse
the shelves in the library.
*5. ______ allows a researcher to receive
news in an area of special interest and discuss that news with others.
a. A search engine
b. E-mail
c. A list server
d. A Web browser
*6. ______ allows researchers to personally
correspond practically instantly with other users around the world.
a. A search engine
b. E-mail
c. A list server
d. A Web browser
**7. John wants to begin using e-mail. Which of the following steps is NOT necessary
for John to get started as an email user?
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